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Sockets

Sockets

🌐 What are Sockets?
Sockets provide a standard mechanism for processes to communicate over a network or within the same system. In the realm of embedded systems, sockets are invaluable, facilitating robust and efficient inter-process communication (IPC).

💻 Socket Types in Embedded Systems:

  1. Stream Sockets (SOCK_STREAM):

    • Reliable and connection-oriented.

    • Typically use TCP.

    • Suited for continuous data streams.

  2. Datagram Sockets (SOCK_DGRAM):

    • Connectionless and often faster.

    • Generally use UDP.

    • Ideal for short, discrete messages.

🔗 How Sockets Work:

  • Creation: Using the socket() system call.

  • Binding: bind() associates the socket with a specific address and port.

  • Listening & Accepting: For server-side sockets to receive connections.

  • Connecting: Client-side sockets initiate a connection.

  • Data Transfer: Through send() and recv() or write() and read() functions.

  • Closing: close() terminates the connection.

🛠 Embedded Systems Application:
With constrained resources, embedded systems utilize sockets efficiently to enable IPC, vital for real-time data transfer, control commands, and network communication. Applications range from home automation to industrial control systems, where rapid, reliable IPC is non-negotiable.

🌟 Key Benefits:

  • Standardization: Uniform API for various protocols.

  • Versatility: Supports multiple communication styles.

  • Scalability: Facilitates communication between different devices and systems.

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